Nishijima Sadao. “The Economic and Social History of Former Han.” In CHOC, 551–607.
North, Douglass C. “Markets and Other Allocation Systems in History: The Challenge of Karl Polanyi.” Journal of European Economic History 6 (1977): 703–16.
Northover, Peter, and Kilian Anheuser. “Gilding in Britain: Celtic, Roman, and Saxon.”In Gilded Metals: History, Technology, and Conservation, ed. Terry Drayman-Weisser, 109–21. London: Archetype Publications, 2000.
Nylan, Michael. “Calligraphy, the Sacred Text, and the Test of Culture.” In Character and Context in Chinese Calligraphy, ed. Cary Y. Liu et al., 16–77. Princeton: Art Museum, Princeton University, 1999.
Ōba Osamu. “The Ordinances on Fords and Passes Excavated from Han Tomb Number 247, Zhangjiashan.” Asia Major, 3d ser., 14, no. 2 (2001): 119–41.
Oddy, Andrew. “A History of Gilding with Particular Reference to Statuary.” In Gilded Metals: History, Technology, and Conservation, ed. Terry Drayman-Weisser, 1–19. London: Archetype Publications, 2000.
O’Hara, A. R. The Position of Women in Early China. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 1945.
O’Neil, P. J. Japanese Names: A Comprehensive Index by Characters and Headings. New York: Wetherhill, 1972.
Pelliot, Paul. “Notes sur quelques artistes des Six Dynasties et des T’ang” [Notes on several artists from the Six Dynasties and the Tang]. TP 22 (1923): 215–91.
Pfister, R. Textiles de Palmyre découverts par le Service des antiquités du Haut-commissariat de la République française dans la nécropole de Palmyre. Paris: Les Editions d’Art et d’Histoire, 1934.
Pirazzoli-t’Serstevens, Michèle. “The Art of Dining in the Han Period: Food Vessels from Tomb No. 1 at Mawangdui.” Food and Foodways 4, nos. 3–4 (1991): 209–19.
——.“Ateliers, patronage et collections princières en Chine à l’époque Han”[Workshops, patronage, and princely collections in China during the Han period]. Comptes rendus des séances de l’Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres, April–June 1990, 521–36.
——.The Han Civilization of China. Trans. Janet Seligman. New York: Rizzoli International Publications, 1982.
——.“Cultural Contributions of the Outside World to China: Interaction and Assimilation.” In “Yingjie Ershiyi Shiji De Zhongguo Kaoguxue” Guoji Xueshu Taolunhui Wenji [“Greeting twenty-first century Chinese archaeology,” collected papers of the international symposium], ed. Beijing Daxue Kaoguxuexi, 381–403. Beijing: Kexue Chubanshe, 1998.
——.“Pour une archéologie des échanges: Apports étrangers en Chine—transmission,réception, assimilation” [Toward an archaeology of exchanges: Foreign contributions in China—transmission, reception, assimilation]. Arts Asiatiques 49 (1994): 21–33.
Plutarch. Greek Lives: A Selection of Nine Greek Lives. Trans. Robin Waterfield. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.
Polanyi, Karl. The Livelihood of Man. Ed. Harry W. Pearson. New York: Academic Press, 1977.
Pollard, Sidney. The Genesis of Modern Management: A Study of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1965.
Poo Mu-chou. See Pu Muzhou.
Powers, Martin J. Art and Political Expression in Early China. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991.
——.“Unit Style and System Style: A Preliminary Exploration.” In Zhongguo kaoguxue yu lishixue zhi zhenghe yanjiu [Synthetic research into Chinese archaeology and history], ed. Zang Zhenhua, 743–92. Taibei: Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica, 1997.
Prüch, Margarete. Die Lacke der Westlichen Han-Zeit (206 V.–6. N. Chr.): Bestand und Analyse [The lacquers of the Western Han: Inventory and analysis]. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 1997.
Pu Muzhou [Poo Mu-chou]. In Search of Personal Welfare: A View of Ancient Chinese Religion. Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 1998.
Puett, Michael. The Ambivalence of Creation: Debates Concerning Innovation and Artifice in Early China. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001.
Qian Cunxun [Tsien Tsuen-hsuin]. “A Study of the Book Knife in Han China (206 bc–ad 220).” Chinese Culture 12 (1971): 87–101.
——.Written on Bamboo and Silk: The Beginnings of Chinese Books and Inscriptions. 2d ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004.
Qu Tongzu [Ch’ü T’ung-tsu]. Han Social Structure. Ed. Jack L. Dull. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1972.
Raschke, Manfred. “New Studies in Roman Commerce with the East.” Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt im Spiegel der neueren Forschung II, 9.2 (1978): 604–1361.
Rawson, Jessica. Chinese Ornament: The Lotus and the Dragon. London: British Museum Publications, 1984.
——.“Strange Creatures.” Oriental Art 44, no. 2 (1998): 44–7, 90.
Reeves, Nicholas. Akhenaten: Egypt’s False Prophet. London: Thames and Hudson, 2001.
Rickett, W. Allyn, trans. Guanzi: Political, Economic, and Philosophical Essays from Early China. 2 vols. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985–98.
Rietschel, Robert L., and Joseph F. Fowler. “Toxicodendron Plants and Spices.” In Fisher’s Contact Dermatitis. 4th ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1995.
Rostovtzeff, Michael. The Social and Economic History of the Roman Empire. 2d ed. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1957.
Ruitenbeek, Klaas. Chinese Shadows: Stone Reliefs, Rubbings, and Related Works of Art from the Han Dynasty (206 BC–AD 220) in the Royal Ontario Museum. Toronto: Royal Ontario Museum, 2002.
Schottenhammer, Angela. “Slaves and Forms of Slavery in Late Imperial China(Seventeenth to Early Twentieth Centuries).” Slavery and Abolition 24, no. 2 (2003): 143–54.
Schuessler, Axel. A Dictionary of Early Zhou Chinese. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1987.
Seidel, Anna. “Traces of Han Religion in Funerary Texts Found in Tombs.” In Taoism and Religious Culture, ed. Akizuki Kan’ei, 21–57. Tokyo: Hirakawa Shuppan, 1987.
Shaughnessy, Edward L., ed. New Sources of Early Chinese History: An Introduction to the Reading of Inscriptions and Manuscripts. Berkeley: Society for the Study of Early China and the Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, 1997.
——.Sources of Western Zhou History. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1991.
Shen Kangshen, John N. Crossley, and Anthony W.-C. Lun. The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Arts. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Silver, Morris. “Karl Polanyi and Markets in the Near East: The Challenge of the Evidence.” Journal of Economic History 43, no. 4 (1983): 795–829.
Singer, Charles, E. J. Holmyard, A. R. Hall, and Trevor Williams, eds. A History of Technology. 7 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1954–8, 1978.
Skinner, G. William, and Hugh D. R. Baker, eds. The City in Late Imperial China. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1977.
Smith, Michael E. “The Archaeology of Ancient State Economies.” Annual Review of Anthropology 33 (2004): 73–102.
So, Jenny. Eastern Zhou Ritual Bronzes from the Arthur M. Sackler Collections. New York: Arthur M. Sackler Foundation, 1995.
Stein, Aurel. Serindia: Detailed Report of Explorations in Central Asia and Westernmost China, Carried Out and Described under the Orders of H. M. Indian Government. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1921.
Sullivan, Michael. The Birth of Landscape Painting in China. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1962.
Svistunova, Natalia. “State-Run Workshops in the Tang Period (7th–10th Centuries).” In China: State and Society, ed. Social Sciences Today Editorial Board, 64–93. Moscow: USSR Academy of Sciences, 1984.
Swann, Nancy Lee. Food and Money in Ancient China: The Earliest Economic History of China to A.D. 25, Han Shu 24, with Related Texts, Han Shu 91 and Shih-chi 129. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1950.


